Editing User:CanvasK/Sandbox

==Formula==
The formula for calculating the number of frames of hitlag experienced by both the attacker and victim has been different for most of the games (<code>&lfloor;x&rfloor;</code> means to round down):
*In ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'', it is <code>&lfloor;&lfloor;&lfloor;d/3 + 4&rfloor; * e&rfloor; * c&rfloor;</code> in the Japanese version, and <code>&lfloor;&lfloor;&lfloor;d/3 + 5&rfloor; * e&rfloor; * c&rfloor;</code> in international versions.
*In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]'', it is <code>&lfloor;&lfloor;&lfloor;d/3 + 3&rfloor; * e&rfloor; * c&rfloor;</code>
*In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]'' and ''[[Super Smash Bros. 4]]'', it is <code>&lfloor;&lfloor;(d * 0.3846154<!--it is stored as a 0.3846154 multiplier in battle_object.bin; it does not divide by 2.6--> + 5) * h * e&rfloor; * c&rfloor;</code>, where the last frame is interruptible.<!--See the Sm4sh calculator; the result is 1 frame less than what the formula gives-->
*In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]'', it is more complicated. Number of frames is assigned to '''f''' for simplicity:
*#<code>f = &lfloor;(d * 0.65 + 6) * h * e * sh&rfloor; * sp&rfloor;</code>, '''f''' is capped at 30 frames after this step
*#<code>f = &lfloor;&lfloor;f + ((p-1)/30)f^2&rfloor; * c&rfloor;</code>

The values correspond to the following (all apply to both the attacker and victim unless stated otherwise):
*'''d''', the amount of [[damage]] an attack would deal (rounded up in ''Smash 64'')
**[[Stale move negation|Stale/fresh]] damage, [[equipment]], spirits, etc. are factored. The [[1v1 multiplier]] and [[shield damage]] are not factored.
*'''e''', [[electric]] effect; 1.5× (for the victim only in ''Melee'', and for both the attacker and victim in every other game)
*'''c''', [[crouch cancel]]ing; 0.666667× in ''Melee'' and 0.67× in ''Brawl'' onward (applied to the victim only in all games)
*'''h''', hitlag multiplier; defined by every hitbox and defaults to 1×
**For example, the majority of [[Marth]]'s attacks have a hitlag multiplier of 1.25× if the [[tipper]] connects, and 0.7× otherwise.
**Some moves are coded to deal no hitlag at all, either by being given a hitlag multiplier of 0×, or in ''Brawl'' and ''Smash 4'', using a special parameter that disables hitlag when turned on. Examples of such moves are [[Bowser Bomb]] in ''Brawl'' and {{SSB4|Falco}}'s {{b|Reflector|Falco}} in ''Smash 4''.
***In ''Brawl'' and ''Smash 4'' prior to version [[1.1.0]], [[shield]]ing opponents were not affected by these hitlag multipliers; therefore, moves with below-average multipliers were safer on shield, while those with above-average multipliers were less safe, as the attacker experienced less or more hitlag (respectively) than the shield user. Beginning in version 1.1.0 of ''Smash 4'', shields are properly affected by hitlag multipliers, therefore removing the difference in shield safety caused by them.
****In ''Smash 4'', starting in version 1.1.0, if the hitlag multiplier of a move is higher than 1×, it is multiplied by 0.8× if it hits a shield, though without dropping below 1×. For example, the 1.25× hitlag multiplier of Marth's tippers is reduced to 1× if they are shielded. This applies only to the attacker in 1.1.0, and to both the attacker and victim from [[1.1.1]] onward. As a result, in the former case, moves with above-average hitlag are effectively safer on shield, while in the latter case, shielding them merely reduces the usual hitlag period.
*'''sh''', shielding; 0.67×
**Hitlag multipliers less than 1× are ignored if shielding. This is especially noticeable for moves such as {{SSBU|Cloud}}'s [[Limit Break|Limit]] [[Cross Slash]], which normally uses a hitlag multiplier of 0.3× for its linking hits; the move's hits transition considerably slower if it hits a shield. However, the electric effect's multiplier is still taken into account, which effectively raises the final multiplier to 1.005×, causing projectiles such as [[Thunder Jolt]] to be safer on shield than usual.
*'''sp''', spirits; <code>* 0.3 + 10.5</code> if spirits are enabled, otherwise is ignored. This is used even if no spirits are used. In [[Training Mode]], after version {{SSBU|3.0.0}}, this formula is only applied when a spirit is used.
*'''p''', based on player count; values are listed in the table below. The exact value is based on the prior hitlag frames, scaling from almost no change below 10 frames to the listed values at 30 frames. The formula for scaling is currently unknown.
**Does not affect fighters hit with projectiles.
**Based on the number of players at the start of the match. 
:{|class="wikitable"
!Players||style="width:4em"|2||style="width:4em"|3||style="width:4em"|4||style="width:4em"|5||style="width:4em"|6||style="width:4em"|7||style="width:4em"|8
|-
!''Ultimate''
|1.0
|0.925
|0.862
|0.8116
|0.77464
|0.752464
|0.75
|}

As shown by the formulas, the general amount of hitlag on moves is at its lowest in ''Melee'', and has since increased throughout the series, with ''Ultimate'' having the most hitlag. In all games, hitlag is higher the more damage a move deals; weak attacks such as [[Mario]]'s [[jab]] have minimal hitlag, but the hitlag of strong or {{b|sweetspot|hitbox}}ted attacks can last much longer. For example, a move that deals 15% damage with no other factors would inflict hitlag of 10 frames in ''Smash 64'' (9 in the Japanese version), 8 frames in ''Melee'', 9 frames in ''Brawl'' and ''Smash 4'', and 15 frames in ''Ultimate''. In addition, ''Brawl'' introduced the mechanic of hitlag multipliers, causing variance in the hitlag duration of attacks; this is in contrast to ''Melee'' and ''Smash 64'', where the duration of hitlag was predictable.
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