User:CanvasK/Sandbox

Formula
The formula for calculating the number of frames of hitlag experienced by both the attacker and victim has been different for most of the games ( means to round down):
 * In Super Smash Bros., it is  in the Japanese version, and   in international versions.
 * In Super Smash Bros. Melee, it is
 * In Super Smash Bros. Brawl and Super Smash Bros. 4, it is, where the last frame is interruptible.
 * In Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, it is more complicated. Number of frames is assigned to f for simplicity:
 * , f is capped at 30 frames after this step

The values correspond to the following (all apply to both the attacker and victim unless stated otherwise):
 * d, the amount of damage an attack would deal (rounded up in Smash 64)
 * Stale/fresh damage, equipment, spirits, etc. are factored. The 1v1 multiplier and shield damage are not factored.
 * e, electric effect; 1.5× (for the victim only in Melee, and for both the attacker and victim in every other game)
 * c, crouch canceling; 0.666667× in Melee and 0.67× in Brawl onward (for the victim only in every game except Ultimate, where it is applied to both the attacker and victim)
 * h, hitlag multiplier; defined by every hitbox and defaults to 1×
 * For example, the majority of Marth's attacks have a hitlag multiplier of 1.25× if the tipper connects, and 0.7× otherwise.
 * Some moves are coded to deal no hitlag at all, either by being given a hitlag multiplier of 0×, or in Brawl and Smash 4, using a special parameter that disables hitlag when turned on. Examples of such moves are Bowser Bomb in Brawl and 's in Smash 4.
 * In Brawl and Smash 4 prior to version 1.1.0, shielding opponents were not affected by these hitlag multipliers; therefore, moves with below-average multipliers were safer on shield, while those with above-average multipliers were less safe, as the attacker experienced less or more hitlag (respectively) than the shield user. Beginning in version 1.1.0 of Smash 4, shields are properly affected by hitlag multipliers, therefore removing the difference in shield safety caused by them.
 * In Smash 4, starting in version 1.1.0, if the hitlag multiplier of a move is higher than 1×, it is multiplied by 0.8× if it hits a shield, though without dropping below 1×. For example, the 1.25× hitlag multiplier of Marth's tippers is reduced to 1× if they are shielded. This applies only to the attacker in 1.1.0, and to both the attacker and victim from 1.1.1 onward. As a result, in the former case, moves with above-average hitlag are effectively safer on shield, while in the latter case, shielding them merely reduces the usual hitlag period.
 * sh, shielding; 0.67×
 * Hitlag multipliers less than 1× are ignored if shielding. This is especially noticeable for moves such as 's Limit Cross Slash, which normally uses a hitlag multiplier of 0.3× for its linking hits; the move's hits transition considerably slower if it hits a shield. However, the electric effect's multiplier is still taken into account, which effectively raises the final multiplier to 1.005×, causing projectiles such as Thunder Jolt to be safer on shield than usual.
 * sp, spirits;  if spirits are enabled, otherwise is ignored. This is used even if no spirits are used. In Training Mode, after version, this formula is only applied when a spirit is used.
 * p, based on player count; values are listed in the table below. The exact value is based on the prior hitlag frames, scaling from almost no change below 10 frames to the listed values at 30 frames. The formula for scaling is currently unknown.
 * Does not affect fighters hit with projectiles.
 * Based on the number of players at the start of the match.
 * {|class="wikitable"

!Players||style="width:4em"|2||style="width:4em"|3||style="width:4em"|4||style="width:4em"|5||style="width:4em"|6||style="width:4em"|7||style="width:4em"|8 !Ultimate
 * 1.0
 * 0.925
 * 0.862
 * 0.8116
 * 0.77464
 * 0.752464
 * 0.75
 * }

As shown by the formulas, the general amount of hitlag on moves is at its lowest in Melee, and has since increased throughout the series, with Ultimate having the most hitlag. In all games, hitlag is higher the more damage a move deals; weak attacks such as Mario's jab have minimal hitlag, but the hitlag of strong or ted attacks can last much longer. For example, a move that deals 15% damage with no other factors would inflict hitlag of 10 frames in Smash 64 (9 in the Japanese version), 8 frames in Melee, 9 frames in Brawl and Smash 4, and 15 frames in Ultimate. In addition, Brawl introduced the mechanic of hitlag multipliers, causing variance in the hitlag duration of attacks; this is in contrast to Melee and Smash 64, where the duration of hitlag was predictable.